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KMID : 1103920130190010001
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Korean Journal of Hepatology
2013 Volume.19 No. 1 p.1 ~ p.16
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Current consensus and guidelines of contrast enhanced ultrasound for the characterization of focal liver lesions
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Jang Jae-Young
Kim Moon-Young
Jeong Soung-Won
Kim Tae-Yeob
Kim Seung-Up
Lee Sae-Hwan
Suk Ki-Tae
Park Soo-Young
Woo Hyun-Young
Kim Sang-Gyune
Heo Jeong
Baik Soon-Koo
Kim Hong-Soo
Tak Won-Young
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Abstract
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The application of ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) is considered essential when evaluating focal liver lesions (FLLs) using ultrasonography (US). Microbubble UCAs are easy to use and robust; their use poses no risk of nephrotoxicity and requires no ionizing radiation. The unique features of contrast enhanced US (CEUS) are not only noninvasiveness but also real-time assessing of liver perfusion throughout the vascular phases. The later feature has led to dramatic improvement in the diagnostic accuracy of US for detection and characterization of FLLs as well as the guidance to therapeutic procedures and evaluation of response to treatment. This article describes the current consensus and guidelines for the use of UCAs for the FLLs that are commonly encountered in US. After a brief description of the bases of different CEUS techniques, contrast-enhancement patterns of different types of benign and malignant FLLs and other clinical applications are described and discussed on the basis of our experience and the literature data.
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KEYWORD
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Guidelines, Contrast enhanced Ultrasonography (CEUS), Focal liver lesions (FLLs)
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